Straightening your teeth is about more than looks. Well-aligned teeth are easier to keep clean and can make your bite more comfortable. The two most common approaches are fixed braces and clear aligners, and choosing between them is not always straightforward. This article compares clear aligners vs braces, and it forms part of our guide to teeth whitening and cosmetic dentistry.
How braces work
Fixed braces use small brackets bonded to the teeth, joined by a wire. The wire is adjusted at regular visits, gradually applying gentle pressure to move teeth into position. Brackets can be metal, ceramic (tooth-coloured) or fixed to the back of the teeth (lingual braces). Because they are fixed, they work around the clock and can correct a wide range of problems.
How clear aligners work
Clear aligners are a series of custom-made, transparent plastic trays. Each set is worn for a set period, commonly one to two weeks, and moves the teeth a small amount. They are usually worn for around 20 to 22 hours a day and removed to eat, drink anything other than water, and clean your teeth. Treatment is planned using digital scans or impressions, and some cases need small tooth-coloured attachments bonded to the teeth to help movement.
Side-by-side comparison
| Factor | Fixed braces | Clear aligners |
|---|---|---|
| Appearance | Visible, though ceramic and lingual types are more discreet | Nearly invisible |
| Removable | No | Yes, but must be worn most of the day |
| Suits | Mild to complex problems, including bite issues | Often mild to moderate problems; some complex cases may not suit |
| Eating | Some foods must be avoided | Take trays out to eat and drink |
| Cleaning | More difficult around brackets and wires | Easier, since trays are removed |
| Discipline needed | Low, since they cannot be taken off | High, since results depend on wear time |
| Check-ups | Regular adjustments | Fewer visits, but monitoring is still needed |
Which is better?
Neither is better for everyone. Aligners offer discretion and easier cleaning, and braces offer more control for complicated movements and do not depend on you wearing them. A dentist or orthodontist will recommend an option after assessing how crowded your teeth are, your bite, the health of your gums and your lifestyle.
Daily life with each option
With braces
- Expect soreness for a few days after fitting and after adjustments.
- Avoid very hard, sticky or chewy foods that can damage brackets.
- Brackets can irritate cheeks and lips, and orthodontic wax can help.
- Use interdental brushes and a floss threader to clean around wires.
With clear aligners
- Wear them for the full recommended number of hours each day.
- Remove them to eat and to drink anything other than water.
- Brush your teeth before putting them back in, so food is not trapped against your teeth.
- Clean the aligners as instructed and keep them in their case when not in use, and never wrap them in a tissue, where they can be thrown away by mistake.
Keeping teeth healthy during treatment
Orthodontic treatment makes thorough cleaning more important. Plaque builds up easily around brackets and attachments, and decay or gum problems during treatment can leave marks and delay progress. Brush carefully after meals and last thing at night using the techniques in how to brush your teeth properly, clean between your teeth daily as described in how to floss correctly, and keep your regular dental check-ups.
Retainers matter
Teeth tend to drift back towards their old positions after treatment. A retainer, either a clear removable one or a thin wire fixed behind the teeth, holds them in place. Your orthodontist will tell you how long and how often to wear it. Skipping retainers is the most common reason for results being lost.
How long does treatment take and what does it cost?
Treatment time varies, from several months for minor changes to two years or more for complex cases. Cost depends on the complexity, the type of appliance, where you live and who provides treatment. Ask for a written estimate that includes retainers and any follow-up visits.
Be careful with mail-order aligners
Some companies offer aligners without an in-person examination. Moving teeth without checking for decay, gum disease or bite problems can cause damage. Dental organisations advise having an examination and X-rays, and supervision by a dental professional throughout treatment. If a company does not involve a dentist or orthodontist, think carefully, and speak to your own dentist first.
Questions to ask before you start
- Which option suits my teeth and bite, and why?
- How long will treatment take, and what are the realistic results?
- Who will supervise my treatment, and how often will I be seen?
- What are the total costs, including retainers and any refinements?
- What risks and side effects should I expect?
- What happens if I do not wear my appliance as directed?
For a general question about orthodontic options, you can contact us. For advice about your own teeth, see your dentist.
Sources
- American Dental Association, MouthHealthy: all topics A-Z
- NHS, Dental treatments
- US National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, Health information
