If flossing feels awkward, messy or pointless, you are far from alone. Yet cleaning between your teeth is one of the most useful habits in your daily oral hygiene routine, because a toothbrush simply cannot reach those tight spaces. Learning how to floss correctly makes it quicker, more comfortable and far more effective, and there are good alternatives if string floss does not suit you.
Why cleaning between your teeth matters
The spaces between teeth are where plaque and food particles hide. If plaque stays there, it can lead to cavities between teeth and to gum inflammation. Health organisations recommend cleaning between your teeth once a day, in addition to brushing twice a day. It does not matter whether you do it in the morning or at night, but many people find evening easiest. Our article on how to brush your teeth properly covers the other half of the routine.
How to floss, step by step
- Take enough floss. Break off a piece about 45 cm (18 inches) long. Wind most of it around one middle finger and a little around the other. This gives you a fresh section for each tooth.
- Hold it tight. Pinch the floss between your thumbs and forefingers, leaving a couple of centimetres to work with.
- Slide it in gently. Guide the floss between two teeth with a gentle rocking motion. Never snap it down onto the gum, which can cut the tissue.
- Curve it around the tooth. Wrap the floss into a C shape against one tooth and slide it gently up and down, going just below the gumline.
- Repeat on the neighbouring tooth. Curve the floss around the other side of the gap and clean that surface too.
- Move to a clean section. Unwind a fresh length of floss for each gap, including behind your very last tooth on each side.
- Finish with a rinse or brush. Spit out any loosened debris.
Will my gums bleed?
Gums that are inflamed from plaque often bleed when you first start cleaning between your teeth. This is usually a sign that the gums need the attention, not a reason to stop. With daily cleaning, bleeding typically settles within a week or two as the gums become healthier. If bleeding continues, or your gums are painful, swollen or receding, see your dentist, because it could be a sign of gum disease that needs treatment.
Alternatives if string floss is difficult
The best tool is the one you will actually use every day. Several options can work as well as, or better than, string floss for some people:
Interdental brushes
These tiny brushes slide between teeth and are often easier to use than floss, especially if you have larger gaps, bridges or braces. They come in different sizes, and your dentist or hygienist can show you which fit your spaces. Using one that is too big can hurt the gums, so ask for advice.
Floss picks and holders
A small handle with a piece of floss stretched across it can be easier to manage, particularly for reaching back teeth or if you have limited dexterity. Use a clean section or a new pick for each gap where possible.
Water flossers
These devices use a stream of water to flush out debris and can be helpful for people with braces, implants or dexterity problems. They are generally used as an addition to brushing, and your dentist can advise whether one suits you.
Soft wooden or plastic sticks
Interdental sticks can help in wider gaps, but they are not suitable for very tight spaces.
Tips for making it a habit
- Keep floss or interdental brushes next to your toothbrush, where you will see them.
- Attach the habit to something you already do, such as brushing at night.
- Start with the areas that feel most food-trapping, then build up.
- Be gentle. Aggressive flossing can injure gums.
Special situations
If you have braces, bridges, implants or crowded teeth, ask your dentist to show you the best way to clean between your teeth, since standard floss may not reach everywhere. Children can begin flossing when their teeth touch, and they will usually need help from an adult.
If you are unsure what to use
Everyone’s teeth are different. If you are unsure what to use, ask your dentist or hygienist at your next visit. To ask the practice a general question, send us a message.
Sources
- NHS, How to keep your teeth clean
- American Dental Association, MouthHealthy, Daily routine
- US National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, Oral hygiene
